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flame ionization detector
A flame ionization detector (FID) is a scientific instrument that measures the concentration of organic species in a gas stream. It is frequently used as a detector in gas chromatography. Standalone FIDs can also be used in applications such as landfill gas monitoring, fugitive emissions monitoring and internal combustion engine emissions measurement〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cambustion.com/products/hfr500/fast-fid-principles )〕 in stationary or portable instruments.
==History==
The first flame ionization detectors were developed simultaneously and independently in 1957 by McWilliam and Dewar at Imperial Chemical Industries of Australia and New Zealand (ICIANZ, see Orica#History) Central Research Laboratory, Ascot Vale, Melbourne, Australia.〔Scott, R. P. W., 1957, Vapour Phase Chromatography, Ed. D. H. Desty (London: Butterworths), p. 131.〕 and by Harley and Pretorius at the University of Pretoria in Pretoria, South Africa.
In 1959, Perkin Elmer Corp. included a flame ionization detector in its Vapor Fractometer〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Timeline )〕
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